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GDP will be hit by fiscal squeeze

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Growth in the eurozone will be hit by government belt tightening, says the EIU in its latest forecast adding that euro will also hover at a lower level against the US dollar in to 2011.

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Hello and welcome to the Global Forecast from the Economist Intelligence Unit. I'm Tony McMahon and I'm joined this month by Robert Ward.

Robert, the euro has been weakening. Where do you see the EUR/USD rate hovering around in 2011 and what impact will this have on rates policy in Europe?

Well with all the currencies at the moment, by which I mean GBP, JPY, EUR and USD, it really is a parade of the ugly sisters. So each one you can make a very strong bear case for. Nowhere is doing really well.

Recently, of course, the USD has been strengthening from a position of weakness. This is not surprising given what's going on with the eurozone.

We think it's going to average about 1.19 against the EUR, possibly with some overshoot up perhaps to 1.10 or so. But even if USD does get more stronger against the EUR, we don't expect that to be maintained.

Don't forget, as I said, it is a parade of the ugly sisters. The US does have issues as well with fiscal problems and structural issues as well. So once the EUR issue is sorted, the markets will focus back on the USD.

What this means for eurozone rates, well we pruned our eurozone policy rates back for the longer term. By 2014 we don't expect the ECB rate to go much above 3 per cent, which, of course is, historically speaking, is quite low. We don't expect any increase in the ECB rate until about 2012.

With the weaker countries really struggling so badly, I think even though Mr Trichet would love to raise interest rates because he is a hawk, I think he is going to find it rather difficult.

So pretty much low interest rates for Europe over the short-term.

Belts are being tightened across Europe as governments strive to tackle their deficits. What's the possible downside of this on eurozone economies?

Yes, pretty much everywhere in the eurozone is now switching to austerity. Even in Germany, obviously fiscally very virtuous, even there now they're switching to austerity which of course will make other weaker countries in the eurozone slightly worried because Germany is the anchor country for the eurozone.

Austerity clearly will take its toll on private consumption. Perhaps on investment as well. But don't forget the EUR is now weak. Perhaps set to go weaker still and this will give a nice offset, if you like, to the stronger exporting countries.

Germany will clearly benefit. Germany is very plugged in to the emerging market story which is obviously a very good one at the moment. Countries like the Netherlands, countries like Austria, even Italy will benefit from this weaker EUR, so some offset there, but we still don't expect the eurozone as a whole to really do much better than about 0.7 per cent in terms of growth this year and pretty much the same next year.

So not a disaster, but really quite uninspiring in the round.

And finally, the oil spill off Louisiana has been dominating headlines in recent weeks. What do you think the likely economic fallout from that is going to be?

Well clearly at the moment it's too soon to make any concrete forecast, but thinking sort of more medium-term, one would assume that regulations on drilling in areas such as the Gulf will be tightened and safety regulations tightened. That companies will be more reluctant perhaps to start drilling in inaccessible locations such as in the Gulf and this sort of thing could put upward pressure on prices over the medium-term if there is an impact on supply of course.

And where do you see the global oil price going?

We've got an average oil price at dated Brent of about $80 for this year, easing a bit to about $78 on average for 2011 and that's broadly in line with our expectations for slowing growth globally.

Thank you and for more analysis of world economies join us next month on Global Forecast. Until then, thank you and goodbye.

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